O processo de síntese artificial da artemisinina não é apenas complicado, mas também apresenta baixo rendimento e alta toxicidade. Portanto, a oferta atual de artemisinina no mercado é extraída principalmente da planta Artemisia annua. Os principais métodos de extração dos princípios ativos de Artemisia annua incluem decocção, extração por refluxo, extração com solvente orgânico, extração ultrassônica, extração por microondas e extração supercrítica com CO2.
The reflux extraction method is one of the common methods for extracting plant active ingredients. Using ethanol as the organic solvent for reflux extraction is easy to operate, has high extraction rate, and does not pollute the environment. When using reflux extraction to extract active ingredients from plants, solvent concentration, solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, extraction time, etc. are important factors that affect extraction efficiency. Wang Lifang and other scholars have shown that the optimal extraction process conditions for the active ingredients of Artemisia annua are 55% ethanol concentration, 95°C extraction temperature, 2 h extraction time, and a solid-liquid ratio of 1:8, with ethanol concentration and extraction temperature being the main influencing factors. , extraction time and solid-liquid ratio are secondary influencing factors. In this experiment, ethanol was selected as the extraction solvent, and the ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, extraction temperature, and extraction time for extracting the active ingredients of Artemisia annua were optimized. The results show that the order of factors in extracting active ingredients of Artemisia annua by reflux extraction is ethanol concentration>extraction temperature>solid-liquid ratio>tempo de extração e os parâmetros ideais do processo de produção são concentração de 65%, proporção sólido-líquido de 1:8. A temperatura de extração foi de 80 graus e o tempo de extração foi de 4 h, o que foi semelhante aos resultados de estudos anteriores.